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JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
their parents have started - which is not given by local culture in
Bohemia. In this case, it is advisable to communicate the idea
about the course of succession, to prepare a written plan in order
to enable all participants to identify themselves with what lies
ahead. Parents become coaches and mentors who gradually
forward their knowledge and responsibility for decisions. The
rising generation must go through the prescribed positions, learn
from their mistakes and create their own strategy for the future
direction of the company. When the competences are distributed
it cannot be dictated who will do what and ignore the fact that
each person is an individual. Everyone has different skills and
interests that should be developed for the benefit of the
company's future. It is very important to involve the future
successor into the operation of the family business as soon as
possible, so that he could earn as much tacit knowledge in the
field as possible under the supervision of his parents, and he
could continually gain explicit expert knowledge.
Table 2: The attractiveness / unattractiveness of the family
business for the successor
What is attractive about the family business
Stable job which is "made to measure".
The effort and the interest in continuing the family tradition,
in building it further. The responsibility to secure the future
of their children.
Belonging to the family.
Relation to the field of business - the successor studies a
similar field of study purposefully.
Motivation to work and to magnify "something personal",
respectively the possibility of widespread self-realization "of
successor's ideas and ideals".
Certainty of the family business - financial resources,
experience of the founder, contacts, and the family know-
how.
Informal relationships at work, flexible working hours,
freedom of decision.
The necessity and the only way out for the graduates who
have no other job offer.
What is unattractive about the family business
The reluctance to work under the guidance of father/mother.
Poor relationships and family conflicts (between parents,
siblings), fear of their transfer to the workplace.
Several generations of one family collaborate in the family
business. It is difficult to distinguish and separate the
relationships that exist among family members. They are
often professional at work and informal and emotional
outside the workplace.
Limited potential for professional growth.
Small business - the descendant's idea of the growth is
different.
Ambitious young people seek and prefer to work in global
companies or they want to expand abroad.
Bad geographic location of the family business - young
people want to stay and live in the city where they have
studied. Young people are attracted to travel and gain
experience abroad after their graduation / It could happen
that they will live and work abroad.
The fear of risk, the inability to independently control or
manage the company according to the ideas of the older
generation.
The fear of the failure to be respected by other employees
due to the lack of experience of the descendant or due to the
age of employees.
Nepotism.
Source: Adapted by the author according to Krošláková Monika.
Atraktivita rodinného podnikania pre mladých ľudí. [online]
2014. Presented at the seminar Prečo sú rodinné podniky na
Slovensku neviditeľné? Available from http://www.epp
p.sk/docs/seminar-rp_kroslakovam.pdf
It is the attractiveness or unattractiveness of work in the family
business in the view of successor which decides about the future
life of the family business. The second generation is the most
important in building a multi-generational family businesses.
The transfer of management, know-how, and ownership from the
first generation to another takes place for the first time in the
history of the family. The success of this transfer will show
whether the family business is able to survive, grow, and prosper
within the future generations.
The uniqueness of the family business is the conflict between the
rational business and irrational feelings and emotions. It is
impossible to divide the work and the family. The significant
factor is the ability to communicate clearly and openly, to solve
every arising problem, and to accept compromises. It is
necessary to say what the individual family members expect
from the business, to clarify which values are shared within
generations and which strategies regarding the family and
especially the business will be applied. They can be embedded in
the so-called family constitution which says how the family
wants to present externally, which values its members will
profess, and what do they expect from the joint business.
Communication must serve as the mean of convergence, of
helping each other, and of the common search for mutually
advantageous variants of solving situations. It is necessary to
learn to listen to each other, to let the other side to finish their
speech, to give enough space to the arguments in favour of
proposed solutions, not to criticize, not to accuse, and not to
blame the possible failure on each other.
It seems logical that the universities should also pay attention to
educational programs and courses aimed specifically at
people who want to lead the family business in the future.
5.Conclusion
From the above text, as well as from the case studies of
successful companies that deal with or have already resolved the
question of succession, it is apparent that this is a long-term
process and not just one time event. For each undertaking, this
process begins at the moment of the start of its operation.
This paper aimed to highlight the need for knowledge transfer
for the successful management of the succession strategy in
family businesses. Through the collection of the theoretical
foundations of the issue and provided case studies, it have
demonstrated that succession planning is not a simple process.
The planning of the transfer of knowledge is a combination of
many steps. It is the crucial element of success that cannot be
underestimated. Every family business is different. During the
time of its existence it obtains different skills affected by the
field of business, by the chosen strategy, by the roles of family
members, and by the future plans and values. Therefore, there is
no universal solution. For the successful operation of the
succession it is also important to prepare the exit strategy of the
owner from the high positions and to pre-define and plan how
and to whom to forward his knowledge. Examples of activities
that lead to the acquisition of knowledge and experience, to the
strengthening of the management skills, and which can prepare a
successor for his future role are as follows:
obtaining proper education and experience ideally in
foreign companies,
gradual acquisition of knowledge, strengthening and
building experience through the performance of strategic
and challenging tasks, profitable management of the
entrusted resources,
development of communication skills,
long-time shading of the owner at work, mentoring,
coaching,
continuous education - e.g. new approaches to education
(MBA program, online education etc.)
interconnection of the requirements for performance and
development with adequate motivation, evaluation and
remuneration,
preparing individual plans for the development of future
successors.
The family business can build a strong and flexible supply of the
future leadership of the company by the rigorous monitoring of
the functioning of the transmission of knowledge and its
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