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JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
never met with the feelings and thoughts during the month. 2
represented that they almost never felt those feelings and ideas. 3
meant that respondents sometimes met with these feelings and
ideas. 4 represented the answer that respondents often encounter
these feelings and ideas. 5 presented the response that
respondents encountered these feelings and ideas very often.
The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire is the best
known for tracking burnout in helping professions (Maslach,
Jackson, Leiter 1996). It consists of three factors. The first two
factors are focused on emotional exhaustion and
depersonalization. The third factor means personal job
satisfaction. The questions 6, 8, 13, 16 and 20 represented the
factor of emotional exhaustion. The second factor,
depersonalization, was displayed by questions 5, 10, 11, 15 and
22. The area of personal job satisfaction was formed by 8
questions, namely 4, 7, 9, 12, 17, 18, 19 and 21. The
questionnaire consisted of 22 statements focused on how often
the respondents felt the specific feelings. For each item in the
questionnaire respondents answered through 6-point scale. 0
meant that the feelings of the respondents never occured. 1
presented the occurrence of those feelings several times a year. 2
meant an answer that indicated that feelings among respondents
occurred once a month. 3 meant the occurrence of reported
emotions several times a month. 4 was the response of the
respondents, who experienced the feelings once a week. 5
represented the occurrence of these feelings several times a
week. 6 corresponded to the answer of respondents experiencing
these feelings on a daily basis.
5.1 Research sample
The research sample consisted of elementary school teachers.
Occasional selections has been used. The respondents were
elementary school teachers aged 24-62. Of the 100 addressed
elementary school teachers, 74 completed questionnaires were
returned. The research sample consisted of 62 women and 12
men.
5.2 Results
Tab 1 Correlation MBI-SPSS
MBI
Spearman's
correlation
coefficient
SPSS
personal job
satisfaction
r
-0,358**
p(ɑ)
0,002
depersonalisation
r
0,333**
p(ɑ)
0,004
emotional exhaustion
r
0,340**
p(ɑ)
0,003
Significant relationships have been confirmed between the level
of stress and the individual burnout areas in the observed sample
of pedagogues. For depersonalization and emotional exhaustion,
there was a positive correlation, thus it can be concluded that
respondents who experience higher levels of stress, have higher
scores in depersonalization and emotional exhaustion. It has
been also confirmed that a positively oriented area - job
satisfaction will negatively correlate with the level of perceived
stress.
6 Discussion and conclusion
Kolibárová (2012) conducted a research in Kosice and Presov,
which was attended by 70 gymnasium teachers. She stated that
teachers with longer practice achieve higher levels of burnout in
the personal performance dimension. Antoniou, Ploumpi and
Ntalla in a survey conducted in Greece in 2013 on a sample of
388 teachers states, that women who perform the profession
shorter, endure higher level of burden and stress. Yavuz, in his
reseach conducted in Turkey in 2009 on the sample of 280
elementary school teachers stated that the level of
depersonalization is higher in men than in women.
Mendez and Lira (2015) in their research in Spain on a sample of
28 teachers found, that 85.7% of the teachers feel burdened by
their work. As the main cause of stress they reported their
students, especially those who are confused or pose a threat to
the teacher, teacher role stress, school organizational conditions
and professional role. In the dimension of depersonalization,
teachers experienced negative attitudes, cynicism and
insensitivity. Hennelová and Preisingerová (2013) conducted
research on gymnasium on the research sample of 55 teachers.
The results of the research indicate that depersonalization was
higher in men than in women.
It can therefore be concluded that in general it is confirmed that
stress is one of the basic factors associated with burnout and its
severity. One of the ways to eliminate both of these phenomena
is self-care, which possibilities are described above. This paper
presented a pilot study of a bigger research design, the next step
being the verification of relationships between the self-care and
work-related negative phenomena.
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