AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Figure 2: Percentage proportion of investment in venture capital
in relation to GDP in 2016
Source: EVCA (2016a
)
Fig. 3 shows a comparison of SMEs with international action to
finance assets using foreign sources. The figure shows a positive
trend of development, which means that companies finance their
activities from foreign sources. The main motive of financing
business activities by foreign resources is a relatively lower price
in comparison to their own resources. These decisions on which
funding metod is used is reflected in the profit and loss account.
The growth in the value of the company in the international
environment will depend on the achievement of positive results
and the dynamics of sales.
Figure 3: Comparison of indebtedness SMEs
Source: own research
The estimation of the VEC model for the detected cointegration
binding is given in Tab. 1. An estimated VECM model is
describes the short-term dynamics and the process of returning to
balance. The long-term equilibrium relationship is interpreted
using the cointegration vector. Normalized cointegrating vector
VEC model ßt (vht, LevRatio
t
, ROA
t
, ROE
t
,ROC
t ,
VK
t
,CK
t,
VC
t
, IS
t,
CS
t
)´ is a predetermined limitations standardized so
that the first component is the unit. The shape of the cointegration
vector for profit is (1, -10.9808, 1.3092, 8.7774, 3.0644, 0.2897, -
15.7610, 4.5697, 3.4575, -0.4745)´. From the values of
coefficients R2 is shown the various degrees of tightness of
dependence between the analyzed variables (indicators). It can be
stated that the change of the dependent variables in the equation
are 62.5% explained by changes in the independent variables and
37.5% of those changes are unexplained (Tab. 2). Given the
character of the analyzed relationships is considered satisfactory
we can say that we are able to adequately explain changes in
profit and loss based on the selected indicators. The statistical
significance of each variable in the equations was tested using t-
statistics, and it is apparent that some of the delay values can be
omitted in the model. The detected cointegration equation in
comparison with the equation (2) proves that the "signs" of the
coefficients in the cointegrating vector are in accordance with
equation (3, 3a). The positive equity ratio (the opposite coefficient
of the equation) shows that growth of equity by 1% causes a
decrease in of the investigated dependent variable of about
0,2897%. The increase in own capital does not have a significant
effect on profit or loss. It was also assumed the opposite effect of
foreign capital, ie. that foreign capital should replace its own
capital in a certain proportion. The impact of venture capital is
small and the slow development of venture capital in small and
medium-sized enterprises is confirmed. It can be stated that one´s
private model could be extended for other variables, that would
make the impact of equity in the long run more economically
viable.
Cointegrating Eq:
CointEq1
vh(-1)
1.000000
levratio(-1)
-10.98087 ***
(1.83990)
[-3.86664]
roa(-1)
1.309265 ***
(0.56521)
[-2.31644]
roe(-1)
8.777465 ***
(2.15265)
[ 4.07751]
roc(-1)
3.064423 ***
(0.90214)
[-3.39683]
vk(-1)
0.289728 ***
(0.16980)
[-1.70631]
ck(-1)
-15.76105 ***
(0.27464)
[-6.92902]
vc(-1)
4,5697 ***
(0.2564)
[-3.02023]
is(-1)
3.457509 ***
(0.17656)
[-3.54050]
cs(-1)
-0.474571 ***
(0.15074)
[-3.14825]
C
-25.36453
*** Correlation is significant at the 0.001 level (2-tailed)
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed
Table 1: Estimation of VEC model for profit
Source: own research
Error Correction:
CointEq1
D(vh)
-0.624283 ***
(0.06103)
[-0.85907]
D(levratio)
0.000789 ***
(0.00272)
[ 0.29029]
D(roa)
0.032178 ***
(0.03261)
[ 0.98672]
D(roe)
0.010977 ***
(0.00433)
[ 2.53403]
D(roc)
0.030480 ***
(0.00704)
[ 4.33189]
D(vk)
0.133143 **
(0.07069)
[ 1.88351]
D(ck)
0.014713 **
(0.00405)
[ 3.63536]
D(vc)
1.065203
(0.91604)
[ 5.61042]
D(is)
-0.009648 ***
(0.00763)
[-1.26446]
D(cs)
0.096023 ***
(0.07966)
[ 1.20545]
*** Correlation is significant at the 0.001 level (2-tailed)
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
Table 2: Error correction of VEC model
Source: own research
Tab. 1 shows that the result of the VEC model has demonstrated
the statistical significance of the correction component of the
profit or loss model. The model is statistically significant and is
capable of explaining short-term dynamics and convergence to
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