AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
EVALUATION OF EMPLOYEES' PERFORMANCE – IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS AND
PROPOSALS FOR THEIR ELIMINATION
a
MIROSLAVA MĹKVA,
b
JAROMÍRA VAŇOVÁ,
c
PETER
SZABÓ
Faculty of Materials Science and Technologyin Trnava, Slovak
University in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia
email:
a
miroslava.mlkva@stuba.sk,
b
jaromira.vanova@stuba.sk,
c
peter.szabo@stuba.sk
The paper is a part of submitted VEGA project No. 1/0348/17 „The impact of the
coexistence of different generations of employees on the sustainable performance of
organisations“.
Abstract: Employee performance assessment is an important element of human resource
management. In a modern business performance assessment is considered as an important
starting point for improving its performance. Performance evaluation and management is
generally structured with the process of routinely setting goals, communicating and
awarding prizes, respectively draw consequences. Managers and the staff also need to
understand that there is no perfect rating system. All evaluation systems have their own
mistakes, but all of them are an effective tool for correcting performance problems and,
ultimately, a tool to increase business productivity and thus competitiveness. The paper
presents the results of a survey carried out in select enterprises in the Slovak Republic,
focusing on the evaluation of employees' performance; problem identification and
pointing to the appropriate tools to remove or, elimination of identified problems.
Keywords: human resource management, work performance, problems of evaluation
1 Introduction
The current economic and social environment is characterized by
turbulent changes in all areas of social life and creates
completely new conditions for the operation of different types of
organizations. As described by other authors, it is mainly about
changes in economic relations, political systems, technology
development, simulation in production processes (Trebuňa,
Popovič & Klos, 2014; Trebuňa et al., 2014), alternation of
generations of X and Y staff members (Krahn & Galambos,
2014, Kocian, 2015), and also the rapid development of
communication technologies (Prajová et al., 2016). The
significance / importance of Corporate Social Responsibility is
rising (Vartiak, 2016). There is a need to take into account
sustainable development, QMS, EMS (Rusko et al., 2016;
Paulová, Kučerová & Mĺkva, 2009) including the environmental
aspects of entrepreneurship. We believe that there exists
contingency perspective on the effect of corporate social
responsibility performance on corporate financial performance
and it is contextual in respect to three different dimensions of
CSR being – Environmental, Social and Governance. We can
also assume that if CSR has a positive effect on corporate
performance that each dimension of CSR activities might also
have a positive impact (Daszynska-Zygadlo, Slonski &
Zawadzki, 2016). There is a significant increase in contacts of
cultures of different values, which put different demands on
people (Durišová & Čambál, 2015). These changes have to be
monitored and tailored by companies, but mainly utilized by the
opportunities provided by the new global business environment.
In order to ensure competitiveness, the quality of human
resources, their management and the related monitoring of
employee performance are at the forefront of the interest in
business entities.
Success of any company depends nowadays on the extent to
which it capitalizes on its competitive advantage, and that is
when sustainable development comes to the fore. (Kocmanová,
Simanaviciene & Docekalova, 2015). One of the decisive factors
of the company's competitiveness is becoming employees and
their potential. This creates a need to detect / measure their
contribution to achieving corporate success. Finding the right
tools for assessing the employee performance and potential,
identifying issues that can affect it, and finding optimal solutions
are an important part of Human resource management.
The aim of the paper is to present the results of the VEGA
survey with a focus on employee evaluation. We tried to identify
issues arising in the evaluation of various categories of
employees and then find the appropriate tools for their removal
resp. elimination. To achieve our goal, we used the following
research methods: comparative analysis of literary sources,
questionnaire survey, and statistical evaluation of results and
interpretation of results obtained from surveys in industrial
enterprises in Slovakia.
2 Theoretical background
2.1 Human resource management and work performance
Human resource management is the core of enterprise
management because human resources are for the company the
most valuable and often the most expensive resource which
decide the company competitiveness. Also human resources
represent the largest wealth of enterprise and their management
decides whether the business will be successful ar not. Human
resouces are considered the driving motor which set in motion
other sources and makes use of them (Koltnerová, Chlpeková, &
Samáková,2013).
The
views of the authors (Čambál, Cagáňová & Šujanová, 2012;
Gyurák B., Kučerová & Homokyová, 2015; Kachaňáková,
2007), who deal with human resources management and
performance are not quite unified and in theoretical works we
find several definitions and approaches to understanding basic
concepts power and performance.
In economic theory and in practice, work performance is
considered as a measure of a person's work activity. Work
performance is defined by the authors differently. As a rule,
however, they focus either on performance in behavior or
performance in the form of results (fulfillment of quantitative
indicators) (Posoldová, 2014).
In general, work performance can be understood as an
expression of the amount and quality of work that a worker
performs under the given working conditions for a given time
unit. The ability of an individual to perform a certain
(maximum) work performance is called performance. Power is
understood to be its actual expression, which is determined, in
contrast to performance, by a more permanent set of dispositions
and the ability of an employee (Szarková, 2004).
Work performance can be defined as a result, linked to the
organization's strategic objectives, customer satisfaction and
contributing to economic results. In a modern company, people's
management is based on rewarding their benefits and targeted
development of potential. The fulfillment of demanding goals is
a constant monitoring and evaluation of work results, removal of
undesirable deviations, direct remuneration and education of
people
(Trebuňa, 2011).
People tend to do what their performance is measured and they
continue to do what they are rewarded for. Tell people what you
want and reward them when they do it and punish when they do
not. In this sense, people are not very different from laboratory
animals that continue to behave when they receive granules and
pay attention to the behaviors they are receiving for electric
shocks. In reality, however, organizational performance and
remuneration systems usually do not work so straightforward,
but they contain multiple goals, and measures that do not always
reflect real behavior and incentives that are not always tied to
measures or goals. The result is a confusing and
counterproductive practice, which can be termed "reward A,
although we require B“ (Ashkenas, 2010, str. 159).
People in the organization do what is expected of them because
they are rewarding if they do well (if they work with the
organization to help achieve the goals within the frame of a
wider strategy). Sometimes the remuneration is a form of salary
increase, credentials by, new more interesting, respectively more
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