AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
in planning, management and decision making of companies and
organizations of a private and public sector. The paper consists
of the research of available sources on the given issue,
the questionnaire primary survey and the analysis of the data
obtained from the primary survey including the use of statistical
methods.
Within the project, a primary research was conducted on the use
of open data by the private and public sector in the Czech
Republic. For this purpose, the questionnaire, which contained
15 questions, was created. The first part of the questionnaire was
focused on identifying companies and organizations. Other
questions divided respondents into those who know open data
and those who had not worked with them yet. In conclusion, it
was investigated for what purpose and what data companies and
organizations use, provide and miss.
Before the survey itself and sending the questionnaire, a pilot
study was conducted. This study was designed to validate and
improve the questionnaire. Five companies were asked to
complete the questionnaire and send comments.
The observations received were incorporated into
the questionnaire.
4 Problem analysis
The questionnaire was sent to 3,650 e-mail addresses, of which
981 were undelivered. For companies, a multi-step selection was
made. It was determined how many companies were located in
what regions and by this ratio the companies were randomly
selected by the MagnusWeb application. This is the application
in which data on business entities of the Czech Republic are
collected. As the questionnaire contained a question of the size
of the company in terms of number of employees, the same
number of companies from each category was included in
the survey, that is, the number of employees up to 50, the
number of employees from 50 to 250 and the number of
employees over 250. Altogether 3,000 companies were
addressed.
Public sector organizations were selected according to the type
of an entity. Ministries, public universities, regions and central
state administration bodies were included in the basic set, so all
these institutions were addressed. Other state administration
bodies, interest groups, civic associations, unions, churches,
foundations, charitable organizations and allowance
organizations were selected at random. From each category there
was addressed up to 10% of organizations. A total of
650 institutions from the public sector was included in the
survey. The return of the questionnaire was a total of only 3.8%,
i.e. 140 completed questionnaires. There were received
73 responses from the public sector, which is more than 11%
return. Thus, the public sector survey output can certainly be
considered valid. However, only 2.2% of completed
questionnaires were sent back by private sector companies. It is,
therefore, necessary to take the corporate sector with caution as
with more questionnaire replies, the results could vary.
Table 1 provides a brief overview of the structure of companies
and organizations responding to the questionnaire. The responses
of the public sector with the highest return from
the municipalities, regions and state organizational units
prevailed. As far as the rest of the responses is concerned,
the municipality was included once, the respondent apparently
overlooked that this option was mentioned in the selection, one
response came from the legal entity and one from
the representative of the library. The private sector divided by
the number of employees was represented by approximately
the same proportion. The organizations such as other services,
public administration, agriculture and government and self-
government were most willing to fill in a questionnaire. In
Table 1 only those other replies that were answered more than
twice are given. Other respondents included fields such as
regional development, IT, consultancy,
sports and physical
education, waterworks engineering or pharmacy.
Table 1: Comprehensive information on the number of replies of
addressed businesses and organizations
Company/
organization
Division of
companies/
organizations
Company/
organization field
Private sector:
67
(47.9 %)
No. of employees up to
50: 23 (34.3 %)
No. of employees from
50 to 250: 27 (40.3 %)
No. of employees over
250: 17 (25.4 %)
safety: 1 (0.7 %)
tourism/leisure time: 1
(0.7 %)
transportation: 2 (1.4
%)
ecology: 1 (0.7 %)
financial services: 9
(6.4 %)
culture: 4 (2.9 %)
other services: 17
(12.1 %)
food industry: 2 (1.4
%)
craft activities: 2
(1.4 %)
social services: 9
(6.4 %)
construction: 4 (2.9 %)
technical services: 1
(0.7 %)
education: 3 (2.1 %)
healthcare: 3 (2.1 %)
agriculture: 11 (7.9 %)
manufacturing
services: 2 (1.4 %)
others: 68 (48.6 %)
public administration:
17
government and self-
government: 10
engineering: 5
electrotechnical
industry: 4
Public sector:
73
(52.1 %)
civic association: 1
(1.4 %)
registered
church/religious group:
2 (2.7 %)
foundation: 2 (2.7 %)
charitable organization:
1 (1.4 %)
public university: 1
(1.4 %)
territorial self-
governing unit
(municipality/region):
37 (50.7 %)
state organizational
unit: 23 (31.5 %)
allowance
organizations: 3 (4.1 %)
others: 3 (4.1 %):
municipality: 1
legal entity: 1
library: 1
Source: author´s own processing
After the distribution of the respondents by sector, size, types
and fields, the respondents were further divided according to
their experience with open data. It appeared that 45.7% of
the respondents had not met the concept of open data yet.
The term of open data was familiar to 54.3% of the participants.
However, only 32.1% actively worked with open data. The
questionnaire revealed that open data were more familiar and
useable in the public sector. Out of 45 responses of
the respondents who regularly work with open data, there were
only 12 companies. This assertion was confirmed by the test of
the independence of variables between the knowledge of open
data and the business or organization sector, whether it was
the private or the public sector. In Table 2, Chi-square test values
of the test are summarized which confirm that the variables are
not independent. The public sector is more aware of open data,
which is also noticeable from the graph shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Graph of independence test between experience with
open data and the sector
Private Sector
Public sector
Knowledge
We do not know the term open data.
We know open data but we do not use them or provide them.
We know open data, we work with them.
Source: author´s own processing
Table 2:
Test of independence of variables
– experience with
open data vs. sector/field
Test
Statistical
value
Degrees of
freedom
P-
Value
Chi-
square
12.146
2
0.0023
Source: author´s own processing
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