AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
2 Research project
The aim of the research project was to find out whether there are
statistically significant gender differences in coping with and
expression of emotions as well as in the assessment of
interpersonal relationships by the respondents working in
helping professions.
2.1 Methodology and research methods
A short version of the Functional Idiographic Assessment
Template-Questionnaire (FIAT-Q; Callaghan, 2006) was used in
our research. The original version contains 117 items. The
FIAT-Q questionnaire is created as part of the FIAT system and
is divided into five FIAT classes: Assertion of needs,
Bidirectional communication, Conflict in social interactions;
Disclosure and interpersonal closeness, and Emotional
experience and expression.
For the purposes of our research, we focused on two areas:
Emotional Experience and Expression, and interpersonal
relationships. The two areas examined describe 24 statements
that identify the respondents' attitudes to the phenomena under
investigation. The degree of agreement or disagreement could be
expressed by the respondents on the 6-point scale: 1 = Strongly
Disagree, 2 = Moderately Disagree, 3 = Mildly Disagree, 4 =
Mildly Agree, 5 = Moderately Agree, 6 = Strongly Agree.
Examples of items of Emotional experience and expression:
I have problems with my emotions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
I am able to put a name to what I
am feeling.
1
2
3
4
5
6
I express my emotions in an overly
intense manner.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Examples of items of Disclosure and interpersonal closeness:
Close relationships are important to me.
1 2 3 4 5 6
I do not want to share things about
myself with others.
1 2 3 4 5 6
I have difficulty making conversation
with people.
1 2 3 4 5 6
In order to detect the gender differences between the two
variables, an independent double-choice t-test was used. For the
statistical processing of research data we have used the statistical
program SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20).
2.2 Description of the research sample
The research included participation of 150 respondents
employed in the helping professions. Of these, 73 were men
(48.7%) and 77 were women (51.3%), aged 19 to 60 (M = 37.57
years, SD = 12.61 years). In the research sample, 82 respondents
received higher education (54.7%), the remaining 68 respondents
(45.3%) reported secondary education with a school-leaving
examination certificate. The most represented working area was
education (64 respondents, 42.7%), 50 respondents were from
the area of social care (33.3%) and 36 were from the healthcare
sector (24%).
2.3 Interpretation of research results
The aim of the research was to find out whether there are
statistically significant gender differences in assessing the
attributes of coping with and expression of the selected emotions
in helping professions. Table 1 shows the detected statistically
significant differences.
Table 1: Gender differences in assessing the attributes of coping
with and expression of the selected emotions in helping
professions
Gender
M
SD
t
p
I am aware of
my feelings and
emotional
experiences as
they are
happening.
male
3.64
1.378
3.783
.000
female
4.47
1.283
I can tell the
difference
between one
emotion and
another.
male
3.76
1.208
3.189
.002
female
4.36
1.075
My emotional
responses make
sense to me
when I consider
the
circumstances.
male
3.67
1.191
2.220
.028
female
4.13
1.331
I am able to put
a name to what I
am feeling.
male
3.71
1.124
2.258
.025
female
4.14
1.211
I clearly
communicate
my emotions to
people so that
they know
exactly how
I feel.
male
3.45
1.081
2.112
.036
female
3.84
1.193
People don’t
like it when I
talk about my
emotions.
male
3.27
1.017
2.837
.005
female
2.75
1.216
We have recorded statistically significant gender differences in
assessing the attributes of coping with and expression of the
selected emotions in helping professions (Table 1). Women have
shown a higher degree of acceptance of the statements that they
are aware of their feelings and emotions when they are currently
in the process of identifying the differences between emotions.
They are also more inclined to think that their emotional
responses make sense when they think about the circumstances.
Women are more capable of naming emotions than men, and
their emotions are clear, so people around them know exactly
how they feel. Men, on the other hand, scored higher only in one
statement. They say people around them do not like when they
talk about their emotions. It should be noted that, except for the
latter case, these differences can only be interpreted as a
difference in the degree of agreement with the items analyzed.
Table 2: Gender differences in assessment of interpersonal
relationships among the helping professions workers
Gender
M
SD
t
p
I have had one
or more close
relationships.
male
3.76
1.359
4.736
.000
female
4.67
1.224
I am not able to
identify when it
would benefit
me to share my
experiences with
another person.
male
3.03
1.190
3.117
.002
female
2.39
1.309
I am aware
when it is
appropriate to
ask people about
their
experiences.
male
3.82
1.110
3.043
.003
female
4.38
1.172
I will share
personal
male
2.96
1.358
2.386
.018
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