AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Table 1: The occurence of aggressive behaviour
Based on the research findings recorded in the table, we can state
that among the pupils of the eighth grade, who participated in the
scientific research, there evidently dominated the verbal
aggressiveness in the total number of 137, representing 80% of
all respondents. We are pleased that the highest frequency (107,
62%) was recorded by the degree of the scale expressing the
lowest intensity: sometimes. The option of the answer there
occur physical expressions of aggressive behaviour by me was
chosen by 38 respondents, representing 22,1% of the total
number of the participants. Quite a high number of boys and
girls also marked the answer I hurt myself, specifically 29 pupils
(16,7%). (Cyber-) bullying as a form of aggressive behaviour
was chosen by the lowest number of respondents (13 pupils,
7,6%). In our research we were also interested in finding out
how many pupils do not have any type of those four types of
aggressive behaviour, or respectively, how many pupils chose
the scale degree NEVER by every item of the first question.
From among all respondents of the research sample, 29
participants of the empirical research, representing 16,9% of all
respondents marked this answer. Up to 143 observed pupils of
the eighth grade marked at least one of four forms of
aggressiveness which they practise in a higher or lower
measure..
Regarding the investigation of the occurrence of the aggressive
behaviour by pupils, we also wanted to know the reasons due to
which they decided not to act in accordance with the social
norms and requirements. The following table shows the
frequency and percentage evaluation of the answers to the
question addressed to the respondents of our questionnaire: Why
do you behave in this way? By the formulation of particular
options we chose the differentiation of aggressive behaviour by
Repková as our starting point (2000, in: Határ, 2015).
Table 2: The etiology of aggressive behaviour
The respondents of the questionnaire were allowed to mark more
options in the given question and thanks to this we obtained a
more detailed overview of the reasons of their aggressive acts. In
spite of the fact that up to 143 pupils of the eighth grade
identified themselves at least with one type of aggressive
behaviour which is manifested by them, there is a pleasant
finding that majority of the pupils, i.e. almost 82% of all
participants, behaves in this way unintentionally, or respectively,
coincidentally, their intention is not to hurt anybody. These can
be some kind of spontaneous reactions when the individual does
not sufficiently think about the consequences of his/her
inadequate behaviour and he/she does not have the feeling of
responsibility yet what can be caused exactly by the age or
immaturity of our research sample. Similarly, a significantly
high number of respondents, specifically 99 pupils (69,2%)
identified their expressions of behaviour as a benign form of
aggressiveness, respectively as a defence against somebody or
something. Once again it is not intentional, planned hurting of
other people. Their motive is mainly fear and defence of oneself
what is, in its essence, biological-adaptation acting serving for
surviving. We assume that this inadequate behaviour can be
again connected with the insufficient ability of children to solve
conflicts and problems without aggressive acting. To remove the
given deficit there are many preventive programmes aimed on
the prevention against aggressive behaviour by means of
developing the particular social skills. In 94 cases (65,7%) we
recorded aggressiveness without any motivation, i.e. cases when
the individual hurts without any reason, as well as without
feeling fury, anger or hatred. We can state that it is quite a high
number which should be a challenge to lead the current
generation to bigger responsibility for their acts, respectively to
bigger awareness of the consequences of their decisions and
behaviour which hurts people in their surroundings. The
occurrence of this kind of aggressiveness can be an evidence of
bad spending of free time by children and teenagers who fill
their empty moments with hurting other people even though they
do not have any reason to do so. Unfortunately, by our research
sample there also appeared a malignant form of aggressive
behaviour (16; 11,2%) when the child is really pleased with
his/her performed act. The main motivation is the pleasure of
hurting other people what we can mark as a real cruelty and
violence.
The fourth item of our questionnaire was aimed to find out
whether in families there takes place learning between children
(respondents) and their grandparents. 146 respondents answered
to this question positively what represents almost 85% and only
26 pupils (15%) said that they were not used to doing any
common activity with their grandparents. Subsequently, we put
the results of this question into the statistical relationship to the
first question in order to verify the hypothesis formulated
at the
beginning of the research process. The aim of the statistical
analysis was to verify whether the intergenerational learning in
the family has some influence on the aggressive behaviour of the
children (i.e, whether this learning can positively influence the
aggressiveness and it can alleviate, eliminate or prevent this
inappropriate behaviour). We observed aggressive expressions
by children in four areas and therefore we also evaluated
separately the relationship between the intergenerational
education and the particular types of aggressiveness.
At first we tested the dependence of two qualitative features
A, B, where A denominates the intergenerational learning in the
family between grandparents and grandchildren and B
represents particular types of aggressive expressions of
grandchildren (verbal, physical, bullying and auto-
aggressiveness).
The statistical method which we used to verify the dependence
of two qualitative features A, B, is
- the test of independence
for the contingent table of the type
. There is an
assumption that the feature A takes on k of the
Frequency
Always
Often
Sometimes
Never
TOGETHER (always, often,
sometimes)
Type of
aggressive
behaviour
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
Verbal
5
3
25
15
107
62
35
20
137
80
Physical
1
0,6
3
1,7
34
19,8
134
78
38
22,1
Auto-
aggressive
2
1,1
3
1,7
24
14
143
83
29
16,7
Bullying
3
1,7
1
0,6
9
5,2
159
92,4
13
7,6
Reasons of aggressive
behaviour
Number
Percents
Benign form of
aggressiveness (defence)
99
69,2
Malignant form of
aggressiveness (it causes
pleasure)
16
11,2
Pseudo-aggresssiveness
(unintentional, coincidental)
117
81,8
Aggressiveness without
motivation ( reasonless)
94
65,7
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