AD ALTA
JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Characteristic properties of diffusely open structures
This solution is a mechanism that transports moisture through
the walls in different intensities in both directions. This is the so-
called ability of the wall to breathe.
vapor barriers or other foils are not used
very effective in preventing heat leakage
allows the passage of water vapor
are impermeable to water as a liquid
balance humidity in interiors
provide good sound-insulating properties of buildings
ensure very good fire resistance
increase the air quality in the interior in a natural way
they are fully organic
constructions dry in the winter
ability to regenerate in case of excessive wetting
simple construction (fewer layers).
2.3.2 Diffusively closed construction
Diffusively closed construction of a wooden building is fully
used for almost all construction systems of a wooden building,
low-energy and passive wooden buildings. The principle of
functionality of this closed composition depends on the materials
used, especially on the selected vapor barrier, which should be
suitably placed as close as possible to the interior. For wooden
buildings on the principle of diffusion-closed construction, a
vapor-tight foil is used, which has a very high diffusion
resistance [37,38]. The correct functionality of the vapor barrier
is ensured only if an impermeable house envelope is created
without broken places, without joints and with sealing even the
most complicated details. For these reasons, high-quality
adhesive and sealing material is used for construction systems
based on this principle, which ensures perfect properties
throughout the life of the house. It is also important to mention
the installation wall, which is used to guide all wiring (electrical
installation, plumbing, heating, etc.). And which is a guarantee
of the integrity of the vapor barrier, even after the installation of
these wiring. Several principles must be observed when
installing the vapor barrier: the vapor barrier film must be glued
at the joints, it must not be broken anywhere and it must not be
missing anywhere [39]. If the vapor barrier is of high quality and
professionally made, the foil will not let water in any state and
thus no moisture will penetrate into the structure. From the
exterior, the wooden structure is covered with gypsum fiber
boards and the cladding itself is solved with facade polystyrene.
With its properties, it ensures that even if internal moisture
penetrates into the composition of the wall, the structure will not
get wet. All moisture is therefore retained in the living space of
the interior and the construction of the wooden building is
completely free of moisture. The amount of moisture in the
interior must be removed from the building by means of
ventilation, a fume hood or a fireplace. A suitable solution is to
use controlled ventilation with recuperation or forced ventilation.
3 Conclusion
In accordance with the trend of streamlining processes in
construction, the topic of this presented work deals with a
prefabricated construction system which is popularly used in the
implementation of modern wooden buildings. The introduction
of the article specifies the basic context concerning a
prefabricated construction system based on sandwich panels. In
the following parts of the article, the technological, design but
also production aspects of the analyzed design system are
analyzed in more detail. As pointed out in this paper, a
construction system based on prefabricated sandwich panels
offers a number of advantages resulting in particular from the
use of prefabrication elements and the pre-preparation of
individual components and structural elements. The production
process is basically dependent on the specific manufacturer and
the technology used, but certain elements are common, as we
stated in the analyzed parts of the article. The diversity of
production processes raises a number of issues that can be
explored and optimized the production process. For this reason,
we intend to address this issue in the future and deepen our
knowledge in this area of research.
Literature:
1.
Hurmekoski, E., Jonsson, R., Nord, T. (2015). Context,
drivers, and future potential for wood-frame multi-story
construction in Europe. Technological forecasting and social
change, 99, 181-196.
2.
Antošová, N., Belániová, B., Chamulová, B., Janušová, K.,
Takács, J. 2019, "The protection of environment during cleaning
ETICS with biocides", Advances and Trends in Engineering
Sciences and Technologies III- Proceedings of the 3rd
International Conference on Engineering Sciences and
Technologies, ESaT 2018, pp. 281.
3.
Zgútová, K., Decký, M., Šrámek, J., Drevený, I. (2015).
Using of alternative methods at earthworks quality control.
Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 15, 263-270.
4.
Hildebrandt, J., Hagemann, N., Thrän, D. (2017). The
contribution of wood-based construction materials for leveraging
a low carbon building sector in Europe. Sustainable cities and
society, 34, 405-418.
5.
Bragança, L., Mateus, R., Koukkari, H. Building
Sustainability Assessment. Sustainability 2010, 2, 2010-2023,
DOI: 10.3390/su2072010.
6.
Korytárová, J., Hanák, T., Kozik, R., Radziszewska–Zielina,
E. (2015). Exploring the contractors’ qualification process in
public works contracts. Procedia Engineering, 123, 276-283.
7.
Kaplan, J. O., Krumhardt, K. M., Zimmermann, N. (2009).
The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe.
Quaternary Science Reviews, 28(27-28), 3016-3034.
8.
Gašparík, J., Szalayová, S., Alamro, B., Gašparík, M. 2019,
"Optimization method of elevator selection for the realization of
construction processes", Advances and Trends in Engineering
Sciences and Technologies III- Proceedings of the 3rd
International Conference on Engineering Sciences and
Technologies, ESaT 2018, pp. 369.
9.
Pifko, H. NEED – Navrhovanie energeticky efektívnych
domov. Vydavateľstvo Eurostav, Bratislava, 2017.
10.
Ramage, M. H., Burridge, H., Busse-Wicher, M., Fereday,
G., Reynolds, T., Shah, D. U., Allwood, J. (2017). The wood
from the trees: The use of timber in construction. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 333-359.
11.
Allen, E., Iano, J. (2019). Fundamentals of building
construction: materials and methods. John Wiley & Sons.
12.
Vaverka
, Jiří: Dřevostavby pro bydlení. 1. vydanie. Praha:
Grada, 2008. 376 s. ISBN 978-80-247-2205-4
13.
Ho, T. X., Dao, T. N., Aaleti, S., Van De Lindt, J. W.,
Rammer, D. R. (2017). Hybrid system of unbonded post-
tensioned CLT panels and light-frame wood shear walls. Journal
of Structural Engineering, 143(2), 04016171.
14.
Bederka, M., Makýš
, P., Ďubek, M., Petro, M. 2019,
"Cement screeds—selected methods of humidity measurement",
Advances and Trends in Engineering Sciences and Technologies
III- Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on
Engineering Sciences and Technologies, ESaT 2018, pp. 299.
15.
Gregorová, V.,
Ďubek, M., Ďubek, S., Štefunková, Z. 2019,
"An experimental preparation of fibre concrete to software's
detection of fibres", IOP Conference Series: Materials Science
and Engineering.
16.
Smith, R.E., Timberlake, J. Prefab Architecture: A Guide to
Modular Design and Construction. John Wiley & Sons:
Hoboken, NJ, 2011, USA. ISBN 978-0-470-27561-0.
17.
Kaputa, V., Olšiaková, M., M
aťová, H., Drličková, E. 2019,
"Do preferences for wood-framed houses' attributes change over
time?", Digitalisation and Circular Economy: Forestry and
Forestry Based Industry Implications - Proceedings of Scientific
Papers, pp. 161.
18.
Burwood, S., Jess, P. Modern Methods of Construction
Evolution or Revolution? A BURA Steering and Development
Forum Report. American Research Institute for Policy
Development: New York, NY, USA, 2005, Available online:
https://lnk.sk/zyw8.
19.
Tumminia, G., Guarino, F., Longo, S., Ferraro, M., Cellura,
M., Antonucci, V. (2018). Life cycle energy performances and
- 375 -